Amenorrhea

Causes:

1. Pregnancy: Amenorrhoea is a natural occurrence during pregnancy as menstruation ceases throughout gestation.

2. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): PCOS is a common hormonal disorder & metabolic disorder that can lead to irregular or absent menstrual periods.

3. Stress and Emotional Factors: High levels of chronic stress, emotional trauma, or significant life changes can disrupt the hormonal balance and lead to amenorrhoea.

4. Excessive Exercise: Intense physical training or excessive exercise, particularly in athletes, can lead to amenorrhoea due to changes in hormonal levels.

5. Eating Disorders: Conditions like anorexia nervosa or bulimia can disrupt the hormonal balance, leading to amenorrhoea.

6. Thyroid Disorders: Conditions like hypothyroidism can affect menstrual cycles.

7. Pituitary Disorders: Conditions affecting the pituitary gland, such as a tumour, can disrupt hormonal regulation.

Symptoms:

1. Absence of Menstruation: The primary symptom of amenorrhoea is the absence of menstrual periods for three or more consecutive cycles.

2. Changes in Weight: Rapid weight loss or gain can be associated with amenorrhoea.

3. Hair Changes: Some women may experience changes in body hair growth, particularly if hormonal imbalances are present.

4. Headaches: Hormonal disruptions can lead to headaches or migraines.

5. Changes in Libido: Some women may experience changes in sexual desire or satisfaction.

6. Mood Changes: Hormonal imbalances can lead to mood swings, irritability, or feelings of sadness.

Impact on Women's Mental Health:

1. Anxiety and Concern: Women experiencing amenorrhoea may feel anxious or concerned about the underlying cause and its potential impact on their overall health and fertility.

2. Body Image and Self-Esteem: Amenorrhoea, especially in cases related to weight changes or eating disorders, can significantly impact body image and self-esteem.